Situ Qiao (1902—1958), a distinguished Chinese painter of the 20th century, received kind instruction of Lu Xun when he embarked on the road of pursuing art . He was wholeheartedly devoted to depicting the realities in old China with a humanitarian spirit. His works distinguish themselves by depicting the suffering people in old society, perfectly mirroring the atmosphere of the time. His masterpiece of oil painting “Put down Your Whip” has been one of the most remarkable works in China’s art history of the 20th century. In December 2015, Ms. Situ Shuang donated 46 works created by Situ Qiao in the 1940s and 1950s to the NMC, making Situ Qiao’s works collected by the museum total 51. This exhibition put all these 51 works on display in two parts, namely, “Elegy for the Country” and “Dawn in the East”, to showcase the social realities in the old China in the first half of the 20th Century as well as after the founding of the People’s Republic of China depicted by Situ Qiao. The exhibition gave prominence to the artists’ roles and responsibilities in the bitter old China and happy New China.